According to a feature story written for
Fosters in September 2014, "
Ray Demers has spent the past 50 years on a personal odyssey of exploration and documentation of a shipwreck he discovered off the coast of New Castle, New Hampshire (next to Portsmouth, New Hampshire) in the 1960s. Demers has scoured countless books, letters and documents as well as the murky world beneath the surface of New Hampshire's waters in his quest to understand and identify the wreck. He considers the story to be a unique piece of state history.
Demers made the initial discovery of a shipwreck in the 1960s off Salamander Point in Hart's Cove, New Castle. He was searching for air tanks he accidentally dropped in the water while diving the previous day. Moving along the ocean bottom, 16-18 feet below the surface and running his hands through the thick silt, Demers saw two cannons in the dark waters.
Cannon Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
Smaller Cannon Recovered by Ray Demers Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
Demers Also Recovered Two Larger Cannson
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
The presence of the cannons indicated to Demers that there was likely to also be a sunken ship in close proximity. And as he suspected, Demers found the remains of a wooden vessel 75 feet from the cannons.
Initially he thought the ship might be a "coaster," a type of vessel common in the 1700s that sold and dropped off supplies along the coast. But the presence of such large cannons and the discovery of large caliber shot (ammunition), however, caused Demers to speculate the ship was, in fact, a "privateer." These armed, privately owned vessels were commissioned for war service by the government, frequently raiding merchant ships.
Surrounding the Salamander Point wreck was a large collection of smoking pipes, bottles, and sherds from various ceramics - items of historical value. Demers collected, documented and photographed each artifact.
Demers believes the substantial number of clay smoking pipes and stems he uncovered came from sources beyond the ship. He notes that people during Colonial times would dump refuse in the water and theorizes that much of what he found was trash from the taverns and homes along the shoreline. One of the most important artifacts discovered by Demers is an onion bottle with the name W. Darracott and the date 1723.
Throughout the 1970s, Demers communicated frequently with Dr. Ivor Noel Hume (1927-2017), who at the time was Colonial Williamsburg's chief archaeologist.
Demers and his rotating group of volunteers worked in the water for nearly 20 years, and he discovered a second wreck site nearby about 30-40 feet below the surface in deeper water.
Site of the First Shipwreck Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
My Niece on the Shore of New Castle, NH
Site of the First Shipwreck Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Site of the First Shipwreck Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Site of the First Shipwreck Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Site of the First Shipwreck Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Site of the Second Shipwreck Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
Site of the Second Shipwreck Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Site of the Second Shipwreck Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Site of the Second Shipwreck Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Demers established a theory about the Salamander Cove shipwreck from dates provided by Hume's identification of artifacts he recovered, and a pivotal book, published in 1959 by Horace P. Beck entitled "The American Indian as Sea-Fighting in Colonial Times."
Using the information on the onion bottle he recovered, Demers learned that a man named Darracott had traded by boat in the West Indies. Uncovering Darracott's history led Demers to focus on the presence of two other historical characters: Dr. George Jackson and Sylvester Lakeman. Beck, in his book, offers clues that Lakeman and Jackson were involved in a unique naval engagement in the 1720s that could have resulted in the Salamander Point wrecks.
Beck outlines a scenario in which Jackson and Lakeman, each in command of their own vessel, urgently sought and engaged Native Americans, who had successfully commandeered a privateer and were systematically attacking and often holding for ransom fishing vessels and their crews. The height of the Native American's naval warfare campaign against Colonists, according to a newsletter cited in Beck's book, was 1724."
These sites were later professionally excavated by archaeologists in the 1980s, led by Dr. David Switzer (1935-2012), a history professor at
Plymouth State University who has since passed away. Demers theory for dating the Salamander Point wreck is also the same period that Dr. Switzer recommends in an article published about the site in 1987 for the New Hampshire Archaeologist.
All of the material recovered by Demers (and also his son John) has since been been donated to the
New Castle Historical Society. Some of it is currently on display, but the vast majority is stored in about 30 plastic tubs.
Last weekend, I visited the historical society with my niece Alexis to study all of this material, and we were amazed by what we saw. While the majority of the collection consists of seventeenth and eighteenth century European ceramics, there were some objects that appeared like they may have been manufactured locally in either Colonial New Hampshire or coastal Massachusetts.
It is also great that all of this material is now owned only a short distance from where it was originally discovered. Not only does this collection represent the type of ceramics imported into Colonial Portsmouth, New Hampshire and the surrounding areas, but these artifacts have also been preserved for future generations to study.
Sgraffito Slipware
17th/18th Century Sgraffito Slipware from England
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Sgraffito Slipware from England
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Sgraffito Slipware from England
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Sgraffito Slipware from England
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Sgraffito Slipware from England
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Green-Glazed Sgraffito
17th/18th Century Sgraffito Slipware from England
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Buckley, England Red Earthenware
Early-18th Century Black-Glazed Red Earthenware Likely from Buckley, England
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Various Types of Earthenware Pipes
17th-19th Century Pipes Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
Most Probably Manufactured in England
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th-19th Century Pipes Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
Most Probably Manufactured in England
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Slipware
18th Century English Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
18th Century English Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century English Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century English Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century English Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century English Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century English Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Slipware Recovered Off the Coast of New Castle, NH
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Tin Enameled Earthenware
17th Century Tin Enameled Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th Century Tin Enameled Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th Century Tin Enameled Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th Century Tin Enameled Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th Century Tin Enameled Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th Century Tin Enameled Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th Century Tin Enameled Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th Century Tin Enameled Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Imported Portugeuse Pottery
17th Century Portugeuse Marbled Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th Century Portugeuse Red Earthenware Chamber Pot
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Engine Turned Earthenware
18th Century Engine Turned Earthenware Mug
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Chinese Export Porcelain
18th Century Chinese Export Porcelain
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
18th Century Chinese Export Porcelain
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Iberian Storage Jars
17th/18th Century Iberian Storage Jars
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
North Devon, England Gravel Tempered Earthenware
17th/18th Century North Devon, England Gravel Tempered Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century North Devon, England Gravel Tempered Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
English Stoneware
18th Century English Stoneware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
18th Century English Stoneware
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18th Century English Stoneware
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18th Century English Stoneware
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18th Century English Stoneware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Bellarmine or Bartmann Stoneware Jugs
Large Collection of 17th/18th Century Bellarmine Stoneware Jugs
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Large Collection of 17th/18th Century Bellarmine Stoneware Jugs
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
German Stoneware
17th/18th Century German Stoneware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century German Stoneware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
Various Styles of Earthenware
17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Imported Earthenware
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17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
17th/18th Century Imported Red Earthenware
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Photo Courtesy: New Castle Historical Society
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