Tuesday, May 31, 2016

A Large 19th Century Red Earthenware Lid Recently Found in Maine

This nineteenth-century red earthenware lid was recently found in Maine by Chris Havey, a picker from Gorham, Maine - it is the largest lid I have ever seen from a nineteenth-century Maine potter before. It measures seven-and-one-half inches in diameter.

There are characteristics about this lid that suggest it may have been made at the Safford Pottery in Monmouth, Maine, circa 1820-1860. However, the style of the handwritten '22' on the base does not match with other red earthenware objects, that I own, from the Safford Pottery that also have a handwritten '2' on the base.

Nevertheless, I wanted to quickly show this rare Maine-made red earthenware lid tonight - I can only imagine how large the jar must have appeared that originally went with this lid. I bet the jar was impressive!

19th Century Red Earthenware Lid Recently Found in Maine
Attributed to Maine - Possibly the Safford Pottery in Monmouth, ME
Base is Inscribed '22'
 Circa 1820-1860
Measures 7 1/4" in Diameter
 Another View of the Lid
View of the Base with the Inscribed '22'
 View of the Side of Lid
View of the Finial

Please Stay Tuned...Much More to Come...

A 19th Century Red Earthenware Flower Pot Recently Discovered inClinton, Maine

There does not appear to be a lot known about the Philbrick Pottery today, which was a utilitarian red earthenware potter's business that was established as-early-as 1808, along the Kennebec River in Skowhegan, Maine. The business was established by Samuel Philbrick (1783-1855), and later run by his son, Joseph Philbrick (1797-1874). The location of the pottery did change from where it was originally settled around 1808; however, the business always remained in Skowhegan until it closed, circa 1870.

According to Massachusetts author, Lura Woodside Watkins book, 'Early New England Potters and Their Wares,' "The Philbricks got their clay from the river bank and made the usual variety of household utensils. The pottery also produced fancy jars ornamented with raised figures made in molds. These were presumably the work of Joseph Philbrick, who disposed of his red earthenware, driving about the country (countryside) and trading it at farmhouses and general stores for farm produce and other goods."

The Skowhegan History House, Museum and Research Center in Skowhegan is probably the best source today to view and study actual surviving products from the Philbrick Pottery - the museum owns a group of red earthenware that is strongly tied to Skowhegan; although, the majority of the products appear to be from the post-1820 period. Personally, I cannot say whether there are any surviving objects that date from the circa 1808-1820 period.

It also does not appear that the Philbricks often applied vibrant-colored glazes to their regular red earthenware output - that characterization is based on today's known surviving examples, which are glazed in more transparent colors, such as browns, tans and reds. However, a wider array of glaze-colors should not be ruled out, either since there is no known archaeological evidence today.

Note: The Maine State Museum also owns a small collection of red earthenware from the Philbrick Pottery in its storage facility in Augusta, Maine. I also want to mention that some of the red earthenware lids made at this pottery are entirely glazed (see below); however, that does not include all lids as there are examples that are not glazed on the base, as well.

Skowhegan History House
 19th Century Red Earthenware Lidded Pot
Attributed to the Philbrick Pottery - Skowhegan, ME
Circa 1820-1870
Photo Courtesy: The Skowhegan History House - Skowhegan, ME
 Another View of the Pot and the Lid
Notice How the Lid is Glazed on the Base
Photo Courtesy: The Skowhegan History House - Skowhegan, ME
 19th Century Red Earthenware Lidded Jar
Attributed to the Philbrick Pottery - Skowhegan, ME
Notice How the Lid is Glazed on the Base
Circa 1820-1870
Photo Courtesy: The Skowhegan History House - Skowhegan, ME
 Another View of the Jar and the Lid
Photo Courtesy: The Skowhegan History House - Skowhegan, ME
 19th Century Red Earthenwar Jar or Vase
Attributed to the Philbrick Pottery - Skowhegan, ME
Circa 1820-1870
Photo Courtesy: The Skowhegan History House - Skowhegan, ME
  19th Century Red Earthenware Milk Pan
Attributed to the Philbrick Pottery - Skowhegan, ME
Circa 1820-1870
Photo Courtesy: The Skowhegan History House - Skowhegan, ME
 View of the Base
Photo Courtesy: The Skowhegan History House - Skowhegan, ME
 19th Century Red Earthenware Milk Pan
Attributed to the Philbrick Pottery - Skowhegan, ME
Circa 1820-1870
Photo Courtesy: The Skowhegan History House - Skowhegan, ME
View of the Base
Photo Courtesy: The Skowhegan History House - Skowhegan, ME

Last weekend, I visited a friend, Chris Havey, who lives in Gorham, Maine - and, he told me that he recently picked a house in Clinton, Maine, where he discovered a brown-glazed red earthenware flower pot. The flower pot is believed to have been discovered locally years ago.

From the information, that I was given about the history of this object - it is my belief that this flower pot was made at the Philbrick Pottery, circa 1840-1870. This is very likely the only known flower pot that has been identified with the Philbrick Pottery today.

Note: It should also be noted that Clinton, Maine is located about seventeen-miles southeast of Skowhegan.

 19th Century Red Earthenware Flower Pot Found in Clinton, ME
Attributed to the Philbrick Pottery in Skowhegan, ME
Circa 1840-1870
Stands 5" Tall
 Another View of the Flower Pot
View of the Attached Saucer and the Base
Base Measures 5" in Diameter

Please Stay Tuned...Much More to Come...

Monday, May 30, 2016

A Slip-Decorated Red Earthenware Pot Found at a Church Fair in Newburyport, Massachusetts

My father found the following red earthenware pot at a church fair in Newburyport, Massachusetts last weekend - he was told that it was included in a large group of donations that came from a local home. However, no other information about the home was provided.

The pot does have significant wear, and glaze loss, but it is interesting to me to see the slip-decoration that is seen near the handle. It appears like the slip ran down the side of the pot to the bottom of the base.

To my knowledge: the only potters in Essex County, Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire, who applied slip-decoration were those who were employed in the region before 1800.

I have never seen this exact form from an Essex County potter; although the clay color, the glaze color and the color of the slip-decoration does compare to artifacts that were recovered in the 1930's by Massachusetts author, Lura Woodside Watkins at the site of the Daniel Bayley Pottery Company in Newburyport, circa 1766-1799. However, this pot does not appear refined enough (to me) to be a product from the Daniel Bayley Pottery Company.

Nevertheless, there were a large number of eighteenth-century potters located to the north of Boston, along with the New Hampshire seacoast, who are not well documented today. It is assumed (or known) that some of these potters likely incorporated slip-decoration into some of their regular output in the 1700's.

The following list includes some of the documented eighteenth-century potters in northeastern Massachusetts today; however, there were many more potters from this time period employed in Beverly, Massachusetts, Danvers, Massachusetts, Gloucester, Massachusetts, Ipswich, Massachusetts, Peabody, Massachusetts and Salem, Massachusetts.

Note: The reason I chose these potters is a result of their close location to Newburyport.

Haverhill, Massachusetts
Abraham Annis - (Newbury and Haverhill) -1708-1767
John West (Haverhill/Bradford, MA) - Active Before 1781

Merrimacport, Massachusetts
Benjamin Bodge - Active Before 1790

Newbury, Massachusetts
Abraham Annis - (Newbury and Haverhill) - 1708-1767

Newburyport, Massachusetts
Stephen Kent - Active Before 1747/48
Clement Kent - Active Before 1774
Ebenezer Morrison - 1741-1803
Daniel Bayley Sr. - (Newburyport and Gloucester, MA) – 1729-1792
Daniel Bayley Jr. - 1755-1799
Nathaniel Bayley - 1771-1849
William Bayley - 1766-1799

Rowley, Massachusetts
Joseph Bayley – 1701-1761

Appears Like an 18th Century Slip-Decorated Red Earthenware Pot
Found Last Weekend at a Church Fair in Newburyport, Mass.
Said to Have Been Donated from a Local Home in Newburyport, Mass.
Stands 11" Tall
View of the Handle and Some of the Slip-Decoration
Another View of the Pot
View of the Interior
View of the Base and Some More Slip-Decoration

Please Stay Tuned...Much More to Come...

Wednesday, May 25, 2016

A Wonderful 19th Century Slip-Decorated Object that Sold Last Weekend in Killingworth, Connecticut

There were two pieces of Charles A. Lawrence Pottery (circa 1866-1906) that sold last weekend at Skinner, Inc.'s onsite sale of Lewis Scranton's lifelong antique collection in Killingworth, Connecticut. I felt both pieces were important for different reasons that included provenance and decoration.

A slip-decorated creamer or small pitcher from the Beverly pottery contained an old hand-written tag that described where this object was found before 1947. Although, the note also referenced Massachusetts author, Lura Woodside Watkins book, 'Early New England Potters and Their Wares,' which was first published by the Harvard University Press in 1950.

19th Century Slip-Decorated Red Earthenware Creamer or Small Pitcher
Attributed to the Charles A. Lawrence Pottery - Beverly, Mass.
Found in Danvers, Mass. Before 1947
Also Included a Old Hand-Written Tag
Circa 1866-1906
Stands 4" Tall
Ex-Oliver E. Williams Collection
Sold May 21, 2016 in the Collection of Lewis Scranton in Killingworth, CT
Photo Courtesy: Skinner, Inc. - Boston and Marlborough, Mass.

The second object from the Lawrence Pottery in Lewis Scranton's collection was rare due to its very unusual glaze. I have never seen this type of glaze before on any other object associated with the Lawrence Pottery today.

19th Century Red Earthenware Pitcher
Attributed to the Charles A. Lawrence Pottery - Beverly, Mass.
Very Rare Glaze to Find From the Lawrence Pottery Today
Circa 1866-1906
Stands 6" Tall
Sold May 21, 2016 in the Collection of Lewis Scranton in Killingworth, CT
Photo Courtesy: Skinner, Inc. - Boston and Marlborough, Mass.

Nevertheless, I was an active bidder on both of these objects; however, they eventually sold to friends of mine, who are also redware collectors in Massachusetts.

I did not know the history of the slip-decorated creamer or small pitcher, past Lewis Scranton's collection, until the current owners told me what they knew about this object. All I had previously known was that it contained an old hand-written tag, but I have since learned that this creamer or small pitcher had more to its history than I had initially realized.

I was told that New Hampshire auctioneer, Richard Withington sold this creamer in July of 1966 when he sold the lifelong antiques collection of Rockport, Massachusetts collector, Oliver E. Williams.

An article written about Richard Withington, which was published on April 13, 2007 in the 'Antiques and the Arts Weekly' briefly mentioned the landmark Oliver E. Williams sale: "'I always loved going to Dick's auctions. He did tons of estates, all summer long. People went every weekend,' says Northeast Auctions president, Ron Bourgeault, who vividly recalls Withington's sale of the Pigeon Cove estate of Oliver E. Williams, a Beacon Hill investment banker, who died in 1947. 'It was one of Withington's first illustrated sales. Roger Bacon and Lilian Cogan sat in the front row. Bacon bought a painted blanket chest for Nina Fletcher Little for the ungodly price of $5,000.'"

The illustrated catalog for the Williams sale actually shows the piece of Lawrence pottery decorated with slip sitting on a shelf in an eighteenth-century cupboard among eighteenth-century pewter and early wooden ware.

The tag that still accompanies this Beverly-made creamer or small pitcher today is believed to be an original auction label from 1966. It reads, "Found in Danvers, Mass. Mrs. Watkins says 'In all probability made in Danvers. She says she has never seen a complete slipware decorated vessel made in Danvers. See pg. 37, Lura Woodside Watkins, Early New England Potters and Their Wares."

I find it incredibly interesting to see how this book was referenced in the 1960's - it makes me wonder if this book was used as an important source of information more in the 1950's and the 1960's in comparison to how it is use today.

However, this was actually a product made in the neighboring community of Beverly at the Charles A. Lawrence Pottery - yet, it is always fascinating to see objects like this discovered in an early context of ownership, which is only a few generations removed from when this object was originally manufactured.

It is also possible that this creamer or small pitcher was discovered in its original context of ownership in Danvers, Massachusetts seeing that it was acquired before Oliver E. Williams death in 1947. I usually associate the slip decorated products from the Lawrence Pottery to the circa 1870 period today.

Tag that Accompanied Creamer or Small Pitcher
 Old Auction Tag that Accompanied the Pitcher
View Number 1
Photo Courtesy: Private Massachusetts Collector
Old Auction Tag that Accompanied the Pitcher
View Number 2
Photo Courtesy: Private Massachusetts Collector

Oliver E. Williams Auction Catalog
 Oliver E. Williams Collection Catalog Cover, Pigeon Cove, Rockport, Mass.
Sold by New Hampshire Auctioneer, Richard W. Withington, Inc.
The 3-Day Sale Took Place July 26-27-28 in 1966
Photo Courtesy: Withington Auction, Inc - Hillsborough, NH

Creamer Or Small Pitcher Pictured In The 1966 Catalog
19th Century Red Earthenware Creamer or Small Pitcher Pictured on Second Shelf from Bottom
This is How the Object was Pictured in the Catalog for the Oliver E. Williams Sale in 1966
Photo Courtesy: Withington Auction, Inc - Hillsborough, NH

The Creamer In Its New Home Today
Another Photo of the Charles A. Lawrence Pottery Pitcher - Beverly, Mass.
Circa 1866-1906
Stands 4" Tall
Ex-Oliver E. Williams and Lewis Scranton Collections
Photo Courtesy: Private Massachusetts Collector

Please Stay Tuned..Much More to Come...

Tuesday, May 24, 2016

A 19th Century Red Earthenware Object that was Recently Discovered in a Thrift Shop in Southern Maine

According to Massachusetts author, Lura Woodside Watkins book, 'Early New England Potters and Their Wares,' "In the Boston Directory of 1854/55, William F. Homer, a Boston merchant first advertised the Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company, as he called it, with a picture of the works, saying that 'wares made at this Factory are for sale by Wm. F. Homer & Co. / Samples at Office, 15 & 17 Union Street / Boston / Samples at Office, 15 Union Street, where Orders are received, or at the Works on Condor Street, East Boston / Frederick Mear Agent.'

During the first year, twenty-nine men were employed and twenty-nine thousand dollars worth of ware was manufactured. It is strange that almost none of the early output has come to light, as some of it was marked. 

Dr. Burton N. Gates discovered a Rockingham pudding dish with the impressed label 'Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company, and I recently found a cuspidor with a similar mark, but I believe these are the only known examples of Mears pottery (as of 1950).


(Middle) 19th Century Earthenware Cuspidor Decorated with Clam Shells
Stamped 'Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company'
Circa 1854-1857
Lura Woodside Watkins Collection:
Photo Courtesy: Early New England Potters and Their Wares, Watkins, 1950

In June 1857, the name changed to the East Boston Crockery Manufactory, and a large amount of the product line became imported stoneware, Parian ware, Granite Ware, Ironstone and China. 

In 1876, the company was sold, its name changed and it became known as the New England Pottery Company."
---------------

In an article that I posted on March 26, 2016, a red earthenware cuspidor was shown that I discovered in a thrift shop in southern Maine. I had suggested that the cuspidor may have been a product manufactured in northern New England or Canada; however, I have since realized that this cuspidor is very similar to the cuspidor that Lura Woodside Watkins discovered before 1950 - the cuspidor that was discovered by Watkins was also marked 'Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company.' 

I now believe the cuspidor that I found in Maine is a rare product from this Boston company that Watkins describes as "...strange that almost none of (this company's) early output has come to light, as some of it was marked."

Note: There are also two marked 'Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company' pans that were recently brokered into Historic Deerfield in Deerfield, Massachusetts as part of the William T. Brandon Memorial Collection of American Redware and Ceramics. Both of these pans were formerly owned by Dr. Burton N. Gates, and one of the pans is the object that Watkins references in her book, 'Early New England Potters and Their Wares.'

Found in Southern Maine
 19th Century Red Earthenware Cuspidor Decorated with Clam Shells
Form is Similar to the Object Shown Above
Object Shown Above is Stamped 'Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company'
Circa 1850-1860
Stands 3 3/8" Tall
Measures 7 1/2" in Diameter
Recently Found in a Thrift Shop in Southern Maine
View of the Interior 
View of the Base

Dr. Burton N. Gates Objects
 19th Century Earthenware Pan Made
Marked 'Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company'
Circa 1854-1857
Stands 2 1/2" Tall
Measures 8 7/8" in Diameter
Formerly Owned by Dr. Burton N. Gates
William T. Brandon Memorial Collection of American Redware and Ceramics
Photo Courtesy: Historic Deerfield - Deerfield, Mass.
 View of the Base
Photo Courtesy: Historic Deerfield - Deerfield, Mass.
View of the Mark 'Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company'
Photo Courtesy: Historic Deerfield - Deerfield, Mass.
  19th Century Earthenware Pan Made
Marked 'Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company'
Circa 1854-1857
Stands 2 1/2" Tall
Measures 9 5/8" in Diameter
Formerly Owned by Dr. Burton N. Gates
William T. Brandon Memorial Collection of American Redware and Ceramics
Photo Courtesy: Historic Deerfield - Deerfield, Mass.
 View of the Base
Photo Courtesy: Historic Deerfield - Deerfield, Mass.
View of the Mark 'Boston Earthen Ware Manufacturing Company'
Photo Courtesy: Historic Deerfield - Deerfield, Mass.

Please Stay Tuned...Much More to Come...

Monday, May 23, 2016

An 18th Century Bowl Found in New Hampshire Yesterday that was Likely Made at the Daniel Bayley Pottery Company in Newburyport, Massachusetts

I believe I have found a possible attribution for the early red earthenware bowl that I discovered yesterday in the lakes region near Alton Bay, New Hampshire. The following group of photographs show the bowl, along with a mug that was discovered in a Federal Period home in Newburyport, Massachusetts in the late-1970's by New Hampshire antiques collector and dealer, Al Benting.

I purchased the mug two-or-three-years ago from Al at the Hertan's Antique Show in Brimfield, Massachusetts. I knew from archaeological evidence, which I have studied at the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C. that the mug was likely made at the Daniel Bayley Pottery Company in Newburyport, Massachusetts, circa 1766-1799.

I have compared the bowl that was found in New Hampshire yesterday to a number of artifacts, and also red earthenware bowls that represent eighteenth and early-nineteenth-century potters throughout New England; however, the bowl appears to be in keeping with the products that I have studied most from the Daniel Bayley Pottery Company. 

The following group of photos shows why I believe the bowl and the mug are strongly related - the clay-color is an exact match, the glaze-color is pretty much an exact match and the footed base is pretty much a match. It is my opinion that the bowl was likely made at the Daniel Bayley Pottery Company in Newburyport, circa 1766-1799.

This is also not the first time a piece of Bayley Pottery has emerged in New Hampshire - I have seen a few objects removed from early-homes; although, I have also seen archaeological evidence that supports the idea that the Bayley Pottery was exporting their wares into Portsmouth during the same 1766-1799 period. Similar archaeological evidence from the Bayley Pottery has also been found further south in Salem, Massachusetts.

Note: I do not know how I have been able to acquire so many potential rare pieces of Bayley family pottery made before 1800; nonetheless, my collection of Bayley Pottery is also pictured below. There are a total of nine pieces. It probably helps that I live in the same area that this family operated, circa 1720-1799.

 (Left) 18th Century Red Earthenware Bowl
Likely Made at the Daniel Bayley Pottery Company in Newburyport, Mass.
Circa 1766-1799
Stands 2 5/8" Tall
Measures 6 3/4" in Diameter
Found Yesterday in a Small Shop Near Alton Bay, NH
 (Right) 18th Century Red Earthenware Mug
Likely Made at the Daniel Bayley Pottery Company in Newburyport, Mass.
Circa 1766-1799
Stands 5 3/4" Tall
Found in a Federal Period Home in Newburyport, Mass. in the 1970's
View of the Clay Color
View of the Bases

Collection of Pottery Likely Made in Newburyport, Mass.
Possibly All Pottery Made by the Bayley Family in Newburyport, Mass.
Circa 1720-1799

Please Stay Tuned...Much More to Come...

A Possible Example of 18th Century Red Earthenware Discovered Yesterday Near Alton Bay, New Hampshire

Yesterday afternoon, I took a trip to a few shops that I occasionally visit - in hopes that I may find an example (or two) of eighteenth or nineteenth-century red earthenware. It is a specific route that I have successfully driven in the past that takes me from my house in Newburyport, Massachusetts to the lakes region in New Hampshire. It is about an hour-and-a-half drive each way.

By chance, I found this wonderful early-nineteenth-century red earthenware bowl buried deep in a shop near Alton Bay, New Hampshire. I want to emphasize, the fact, too that this bowl feels and appears early (to me).

This bowl could possibly be an eighteenth-century New England-made product from either coastal Massachusetts or New Hampshire.

Similar documented bowls were manufactured in places like coastal New Hampshire and coastal Massachusetts after 1760. This bowl has a certain feel to it that suggests (to me) that it could be an early piece of New England-made red earthenware from a period of production that is rarely seen today.

I have personally handled similar-glazed, and formed red earthenware bowls that were made at the Daniel Bayley Pottery Company in Newburyport, Massachusetts, circa 1766-1799. These bowls are owned in the Lura Woodside Watkins Collection at the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C. and in Old Sturbridge Village in Sturbridge, Massachusetts. Although, there are similar documented bowls that were made elsewhere in New England, in places, such as coastal Massachusetts and coastal New Hampshire before 1800, as well.

I plan to further research this object - and, I hope I can present more information about its place of manufacture soon enough. My thought is the unusual base could be used as a characteristic that may potentially provide an attribution for this bowl.

Note: I did not photograph the base closely, but it was manufactured with an unusual sharp edge.

Possibly 18th Century Bowl Made in New England
Circa 1760-1820
Stands 2 5/8" Tall
Measures 6 3/4" in Diameter
Found Yesterday in a Small Shop Near Alton Bay, NH
Another View of the Bowl
View of the Interior
View of the Base
Another View of the Base and Glaze
Another View of the Base and Glaze