Friday, December 22, 2017

An 18th Century Red Earthenware Chamber Pot Recovered on the Property of the Jethro Coffin House on Nantucket

According to the Nantucket Historical Association in Massachusetts and the book, 'Nantucket & Other Native Places: The Legacy of Elizabeth Alden Little,' 'The Jethro Coffin House is the oldest residence on Nantucket. Built as a wedding gift in 1686 for Jethro Coffin (ca. 1663-1726/27) and Mary Gardner (ca. 1670-1767), it is the sole surviving structure from the island's original seventeenth-century English settlement.

Jethro Coffin, who is listed as a blacksmith at the time of his death in 1727, was the grandson of one of the island's first white settlers and original proprietors, Tristram Coffin (ca. 1609-1681).

Coffin sold the house in 1708 to island weaver, Nathaniel Paddack (ca. 1677-1756). From the Paddack family, it passed into the hands of George Turner (d. 1868), a cooper in 1840 for $300. Turner, his wife, Mary, and their five children were the last residents of the house and lived there until about 1867/68. Although, the Turners did not actually live in the house after the 1867-1868 period, Turner's widow, Mary retained ownership of the property until 1881, where it was used during that period to store hay.

The Coffin family reunion held in August 1881 marked the beginning of a period of repair and restoration of the Jethro Coffin House. It was eventually acquired by the Nantucket Historical Association in 1923."

Jethro Coffin House, Circa 1686
Jethro Coffin House Built on Nantucket, Circa 1686
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Photo Courtesy: Nantucket Historical Association
 Interior of Jethro Coffin House
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Photo Courtesy: Nantucket Historical Association
 Interior of Jethro Coffin House
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Photo Courtesy: Nantucket Historical Association
Interior of Jethro Coffin House
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Photo Courtesy: Nantucket Historical Association

It has been well-documented on this website that the colonial red earthenware potters in Charlestown, Massachusetts were exporting utilitarian pottery throughout coastal New England and possibly Canada before the American Revolution. Some of this information is preserved in a circa 1747-1761 daybook kept by John Parker (1725-1765), a potter in Charlestown; whereas, the daybook is owned today by the Baker Library at Harvard University.

I have found in the archaeology collections, which I have studied that the remains of Charlestown red earthenware has likely been recovered in colonial contexts in North Brantford, Connecticut, Welfleet, Massachusetts, possibly Quincy, Massachusettts, Boston, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Berwick, Maine, possibly Yarmouth, Maine and Cape Bretton Island in Nova Scotia.

Nevertheless, archaeologists also recovered an eighteenth century red earthenware chamber pot on the property of the Jethro Coffin House on Nantucket. The black-glazed pot with a colorful interior glaze was found within a pre-1775 archaeological context from when the house was owned by the Paddack family. The pot has since been described in the archaeology report as an object that may have been made in Philadelphia; however, I feel it is certainly more likely from Massachusetts, and very-possibly from the industry in Charlestown.

Interestingly, Parker's daybook reveals he was in business with a Nantucket merchant in 1747 and 1748 - and considering the facts, I would not be surprised to learn that Charlestown red earthenware was also purchased by this merchant or other merchants and brought back to Nantucket.

It is also important to note that the construction of this chamber pot closely resembles eighteenth century pots that were made in Charlestown - and, the black exterior glaze with the colorful interior glaze also closely resemble sherds that I have studied from the Charlestown Archaeology Collection kept at the Boston Archaeology Department in West Roxbury, Massachusetts.

Chamber Pot Recovered on the Property of the Jethro Coffin House
18th Century Red Earthenware Chamber Pot Recovered at the Jethro Coffin House on Nantucket
Recovered Within a Pre-1775 Archaeological Context
Possibly Made at the Industry in Charlestown, Mass.
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Photo Courtesy: Nantucket Historical Association

John Parker's Potter's Daybook
John Parker's Circa 1747-1761 Potter's Daybook from Charlestown, Mass.
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Photo Courtesy: Baker Library - Harvard University
Page from Parker's Potter's Daybook
Reveals Transactions with a Merchant from Nantucket in 1747 and 1748
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Photo Courtesy: Baker Library - Harvard University

Please Stay Tuned...Much More to Come...

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